Comparing Political Philosophies Essay Example for Free

Comparing Political Philosophies EssaySocial hire or contractarian (use at least two philosophers in your description) Classic liberalism or libertarianism (use at least two philosophers in your description) Marxism (use at least one philosopher in your description) Communitarians (use at least one philosopher in your description) Capabilities uprise (use at least one philosopher in your description) Follow your descriptions with a conclusion answering the following questions How are these theories similar to one another? How are they antithetic from one another? Do you find one philosophy more compelling than the others?If so, why? Contractarianism The social contract or political contract is a theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typic exclusivelyy addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual. Social contract arguments typically posit that individuals wee-wee consented, e ither explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler or magistrate (or to the decision of a majority), in exchange for protection of their stay rights.The question of the relation between natural and legal rights, therefore, is often an aspect of social contract theory. The most important contemporary political social contract theorist is John Rawls, who effectively resurrected social contract theory in the second half of the 20th century, along with David Gauthier, who is primarily a moral contractarian. Marxism low Marxism, outdated class structures were supposed to be overthrown with force instead of being replaced through patient modification.It held that as capitalism has succeeded feudalism, it too will be remove by a dictatorship of the workers called socialism, followed quickly and inevitably by a classless society which governs itself without a governing class or structure. It was jointly certain in the 19th century by two lifelong German friends living in London Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and it forms the foundation of communism. Classical Liberalism Classical liberalism is a political philosophy and ideology that emerged as a response to the Industrial Revolution and urbanization in the 19th century in Europe and the United States.It shares a number of beliefs with other belief systems belonging to liberalism, advocating civil liberties and political freedom, limited government, rule of law, and belief in free market. Classical liberals were more suspicious than conservatives of all but the most minimal government and, adopting Thomas Hobbess theory of government, they believed government had been created by individuals to protect themselves from one another.Comparison -Marxism is completely centrally swanled economy in which labor is directed (the government tells you where you will work) and goods and services are rationed based on a bureaucratic determination of need. Liberalism is wh en the government has an obligation to hold sure that people live comfortably regardless of a persons actual contribution to making their own comfort possible. So while they wish to control the financial situation they generally favor a high degree of social freedom.Contractarianism suggests that the central assertion of social contract approaches is that law and political put up are not natural, but are instead human creations. The social contract and the political order it creates are simply the means towards an end the avail of the individuals involved and legitimate only to the extent that they fulfill their part of the agreement. References http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Social_contract http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Classical_liberalism http//www. businessdictionary. com/definition/Marxism. html Philosophy The Power of Ideas (8th ed. ) (Moore and Bruder).